Execute shell process with subprocess module (Python 3.5)

goal and general advices

goal:
The subprocess module allows you to spawn new processes, connect to their input/output/error pipes, and obtain their return codes.
This module intends to replace several older modules and functions:
os.system
os.spawn*

Recommended approach: use the run() function for all use cases it can handle. For more advanced use cases, the underlying Popen interface can be used directly.

main functions

run() Run the command described by args. Wait for command to complete, then return a CompletedProcess instance.
subprocess.run(args, *, stdin=None, input=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, capture_output=False, shell=False, cwd=None, timeout=None, check=False, encoding=None, errors=None, text=None, env=None, universal_newlines=None, **other_popen_kwargs)

Popen() Execute a child program in a new process.

main use cases

Notes: Prior to Python 3.5, these three functions : call(), check_call(), check_output() comprised the high level API to subprocess. You can now use run() in many cases.
Main use cases:
– Run a command, wait for its completion and return the exit code:
run(...).returncode(before we used subprocess.call())
Example:

# for windows command we need use the shell to True
    return_code: int = subprocess.run(["ddir", "/S"], shell=True).returncode
    print(f'return_code={return_code}')
    return_code: int = subprocess.run(["dir", "/S"], shell=True).returncode
    # return_code: int = subprocess.run(["ls", "-l"]).returncode
    print(f'return_code={return_code}')

-Run a command, wait for its completion, expecting a success and capture stdout or stderr:
run(..., check=True) (before we used subprocess.check_output() )
Example:

subprocess.run(["dir", "/S"], shell=True,
                   check=True)
    print('we see that message')
 
    subprocess.run(["ddir", "/S"], shell=True, check=True)
    print("we don't see that message")

-Run a command, wait for its completion,expecting a success and return its output.
run(..., check=True, stdout=PIPE).stdout (before we used subprocess.check_output())
Example:

completed_process: subprocess.CompletedProcess = subprocess.run(["dir", "/S"], shell=True,
                                                                    check=True,
                                                                    stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
    print(f'output={completed_process.stdout}')
    completed_process: subprocess.CompletedProcess = subprocess.run(["ddir", "/S"], shell=True,
                                                                    check=True,
                                                                    stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
    print('we never reach this statement')

-run a command and don’t wait for its completion,instead run the command as a child process:
Example:

# creationflags is optional
    subprocess.Popen(["C:\\Program Files\\Talon\\python.exe", "C:\\Program Files\\Talon\\repl.py"],
                     creationflags=subprocess.CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE)

Imports

import subprocess

Example with the old API

subprocess.call('ls -lrt /tmp', shell=True)

Commands span on several line with EOF

cmd_sql_plus_oracle: str = (
    "sqlplus -s -l / as sysdba >> EOF"
    "nCREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY fooDir AS '/apps/oracle/fooDir';"
    "nGRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY fooDir TO foo_user;"
    "nexit; "
    "nEOF"
)
subprocess.call(cmd_sql_plus_oracle, shell=True)